There are several types of dampness in a home, and each has its particular origin and requires specific solutions. Below, we will explain the most common ones and how to address them:
This is caused by leaks or breaks in water installations, such as supply or drainage pipes. These types of dampness manifest punctually, with localized stains or drips, and usually appear suddenly.
It is essential to identify and repair the source of the leak. In many cases, this involves removing or demolishing the damaged area to access the affected pipe, repairing or replacing the damaged section, and then restoring the intervened surface using appropriate plastering or paint.
This category occurs when external water, such as from rain or groundwater, filters through cracks, waterproofing deficiencies, or deteriorated joints. It is usually observed on exterior walls, ceilings, or areas in direct contact with the ground.
Repair requires a review and improvement of the waterproof barriers. It is recommended to review and, if necessary, renew the waterproofing, repair cracks, and ensure that joints and connections are properly sealed to prevent water from penetrating the structure.
This phenomenon occurs when water from the ground rises through porous materials (such as bricks and mortar) in the walls by capillary action, especially affecting ground floors or foundations. It is common to see efflorescence, peeling paint, or deterioration in the lower areas of the walls.
Anti-capillary barriers can be used, such as injecting chemical products that block the rise of moisture, applying special mortars, or installing physical barriers. In addition, it is important to correct possible deficiencies in the foundation that may favor water absorption.
This type of dampness arises when water vapor in the air condenses upon contact with cold surfaces. It is frequent in areas with high vapor generation, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and laundry rooms, and manifests as water droplets, mold, or bad odors.
The key is to improve space ventilation, either through mechanical extraction systems (like an air extractor), increasing natural ventilation (opening windows), or incorporating dehumidifiers. In addition, proper thermal insulation of cold surfaces helps prevent vapor from condensing.
Knowing the type of dampness present is the first step to treating the problem at its origin. The intervention must be comprehensive.
First, the cause is identified and eliminated, and then the affected surface is restored to ensure that the problem has not resurfaced.
Each of these methods requires the intervention of professionals who evaluate the particular conditions of the home and establish the most effective solution.
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